Azure Microsoft Secure application model
Secure application model was released by Microsoft late last year (2018). At that time, I noticed it and didn’t quite understad how it impacted my work. I therfore moved on.
A few weeks ago i discovered what this change actually means.
If you are a Microsoft cloud service provider or a control panel vendor, you will have to change to this new model of authentication soon. Depending on how you deliver apps or how you manage your customer tenants, there’s quite some work to do.
Microsoft is forcing all user accounts with access to CSP with MFA. That is great, but if you (and likely you are) using app + user credentials to access partner center you cannot do this programmatically, as the current method uses password grant. I have written about how that method works here.
The secure application model depends on refresh tokens and access tokens. As a service provider your customers will have to consent to an application getting access to their tenant. When the admin user consent, you will get a code response. This code is used to create a refresh token, which later can be used to access Azure or other resources.
I do not have the mandate to learn you how refresh and access tokens work, but i found the articles on Oauth.com pretty good.
The below picture shows a broad overview of the flow and ‘infrastructure’ required. I suggest you download the document as well.
Secure application model infrastructure
i have built these examples with PowerShell to authenticate to a customer tenant using the new model. The model used here assumes you function as a managed service provider. Maintaining your customers Azure tenants and subscriptions. That way you can consent on behalf of your customers. If you provide Azure market place applications, the process is a bit different, but infrastructure wise, were using the same tools.
In my implementation of secure application model I have used the following tools.
- Azure KeyVault
- Multi tenant Azure AD Application, with access to the APIs you require.
- A user able to consent (in my case member of Admin Agents in CSP)
- Single tenant AAD app to authenticate against KeyVault
Multi tenant Azure AD application
If you find this blog post interesting, I assume you already have a multi tenant AAD app used in your integration or software delivery.
If not, you can check out my blog post on how to create Azure AD apps using PowerShell
In my case I have one application used to monitor customers workloads in Azure. This application have access to Azure Management APIs
Single tenant web app
This is the additional application needed. This application will represent your system. In my case a monitoring tool. I use this application registration to access key vault where I have stored my refresh token. The refresh token is then used to get an access token from a customer tenant.
Azure Key Vault
We need a secure place to store the refresh token and possibly other stuff down the road. I chose to run with Key Vault. There are multiple blog posts and documentation on how to provision and give permissions in key vault, but remember to give your single tenant application read and write access to secrets.
Using PowerShell and Rest APIs
As I have multiple times before, I chose to run with REST rather than PowerShell modules. Feel free to use modules or SDKs, it just doesen’t work that well in my environment.
Getting consent
I’m sure theres much slicker ways to do this, but I only needed one consent to make our integration work. If you have multiple refresh tokenst etc. I would build some kind of callback service that could handle the consent flow.
Alter the following code to your needs, paste it in your web browser and sgn in with apropriate credentials. In return, you will have recieve a code. Copy and use this in next step.
Azure AD refresh token
Now that you have consent it is time to get a refresh token. This is what you later use to get access tokens from your customer tenants. By default and if used. The refresh token is valid for 90 days. You will have store this in Key Vault or a similar service.
Add your information to the script below to get your refresh token.
Write and retrieve from Key Vault API
Since you don’t want to get a new consent every time, you will need to save your refresh token to a secure place. I chose to run with Key Vault, but feel free to chose what ever software you want. Below are two snippets that will allow to write and retrieve secrets from Azure KeyVault.
You will have to get your key vault URL and the single tenant application id and secret.
That way your application accessing customers tenants, in my case a monitoring system, have it’s own credentials, separated from the credentials aquiring the refresh and access tokens.
Retrieving data from customer tenant
It’s time to connect to your customers tenants. Before doing that, lets summarize. By now you should have the following in place
- One multi tenant application with Api access and proper consent.
- A key vault with the a refresh token
- A single tenant (your integration) application with access to key vault
- AppID and access keys for bot application registrations.
Below I have included three examples on how to retrieve data from your customers. The first will get all customers from partner center, second will use the same refresh token to access Microsoft Graph, and the third will access Azure management API’s (Azure Resource Manager). In order for this to work, your multi tenant app must have access to these APIs
