AzureMonitor Archives

Jumpstart your Azure Monitor journey

08/04/202008/04/2020
by Martin Ehrnst

For the past decade, monitoring has been my main responsibility. I have had my hands on many of the enterprise monitoring systems out there, but System Center Operations Manager (SCOM) is where most of my working hours were spent. Now, I spend my time in Azure and since monitoring is relevant in public cloud as well. Azure Monitor is now my primary tool for my applications (and servers).

I know that starting off with an entirely new monitoring platform can be challenging, at best. Instead of figuring out all bits and pieces by yourself, I will introduce you to the key features of Azure Monitor, such as visualization and alerting. I will also briefly touch on the more advanced capabilities like custom log injection using Azure Monitors REST API.

After reading this you should have the basic knowledge on how to monitor your applications and servers using Azure Monitor. Details related to the various topics can be found in the official Azure Monitor documentation

Azure Monitor Logs

Logs in Azure Monitor is backed by a Log Analytics workspace. To fully utilize Azure Monitor, a Log Analytics workspace is mandatory.

With Logs, you can extend your Azure Activity Log retention, collect and analyze Server Event Logs (both built-in and custom logs are supported). Azure Monitor Logs or Log Analytics is Microsoft equivalent to for example Splunk.

To perform analysis and query data, you use a language called KQL.

Guest blog for Nigel Frank

This is a piece written for Nigel Frank Internationals Azure Blog. Click here to continue reading this post on how to jumpstart your Azure Monitor jurney

Azure

Working with Azure Monitor Rest API

29/02/202003/09/2020
by Martin Ehrnst

It might be an edge case, or you are creating your own integration. But chances are, after fiddling around with Azure Monitor, you encounter a situation where you would have work with its API.
Personally, I have numerous situations over the last years, that required me to integrate directly with Azure Management APIs

In this blog post, I will help you get started using the APIs, hopefully making it less intimidating. All code examples will use PowerShell.

Create SPN and assign it to your subscription RBAC

I am using a service principal in order to connect programmatically to Azure. SPNs are created in Azure Active Directory as Application Registrations. You can choose whether you want to do this via the portal, or by using PowerShell.

After creating (or using an existing SPN) grant the application appropriate access. For simplicity, I am using contributor to my subscription. That might be best for you as well, but one should always use the least privileged assignment needed.

Consider the above as a prerequisite for you to continue.

At this point, you should have an application registration, a secret, and a role assignment on your subscription. We can now use this to acquire an access token and connect to Azure Monitor’s REST API.

Connect to Azure Monitor API using PowerShell

Azure Monitor APIs are a part of the Azure Management APIs. I will, therefore, use these names interchangeably. Also keep in mind, that all other APIs under Azure Management will follow the same methods I demonstrate for Azure Monitor.

To query data we need to authenticate. In the example below, I am using client credentials to acquire the access token. Microsoft’s official example is using the ADAL method, connecting with your identity. I have never had the use for this, as I am usually writing integrations service-to-service.
If you are creating an interactive portal and want to leverage the user’s authorization, ADAL (or MSAL) are probably better.

Retrieve Azure Monitor alert rules

I have no idea why you are exploring Azure Monitors API. Providing an integration solution is therefore not possible. But my gut feeling is that alerts and metrics is a good place to start.

When working with alerts, we need to work with multiple endpoints. Depending on what you are working on, these are the most common;

Alert rules*
Alert incidents
Metric Alerts
Metric Alert status

We can start with one of the basics, retrieve the current configured alert rules. To do that, we need to know what kind it is. The classic alert rules (old type) use a single endpoint, while the current use it’s own.

Below I have included three endpoints and a screenshot. As you can see, all the information that you expect is to be found in the output. From here we can start to explore the alert rule by accessing its properties.

Azure monitor rest api metric alert rule output

Get resource metrics from Azure Monitors API

Metrics is another fundamental in monitoring. When we work with the API in the context of metrics. You can explore the available metrics for each resource type by using the Metric Definitions endpoint.

Actual metrics values require a bit more when it comes to the actual query. The official documentation describes everything pretty well, but I have provided an example for a VM below. This example shows the basics of how you get data from one metric and one VM. You can add multiple metrics to one query, and do additional filtering using the OData filter.

Manage alerts, updating status, etc.

Viewing configured alert rules, looking at disk metrics for a VM. What about alerts. The actual things that send you emails- can we work with them using this API? Yes, you can.

Like I said. Providing an integration solution in this blog post isn’t possible. but most integrations I have seen with Azure Monitor or other monitoring solutions have had some kind of functionality to handle active alerts. Personally, I have created one for SquaredUp earlier, where we could acknowledge alerts in Azure Monitor as well as our on-premises SCOM installation.

Before we wrap up. Let’s take a look at how we can interact with an active alert. I have configured a very naggy alert rule, creating a lot of noise, and I want to change the status of those alerts. Armed with PowerShell and the alerts management endpoints everything is possible.

Summary

This blog post has covered the basics regarding the Azure Monitor REST API and PowerShell. With the examples above and the official documentation, you can start creating your own solutions and integrations.

While we have only covered how to get data out of Azure Monitor, you should know it’s also possible to inject data. By using the HTTP data collector API and the Metric store possibilities are ‘endless’.

Integrations ideas

Alert remediation/handling from a ticketing system
Dashboarding with third-party or custom web integration
Teams/Slack/IM connector
Custom application metrics or logs

In my examples, I have purposely not included how new alert rules are created, as I believe this should be done through ARM. If that is your use case, you should know it is possible and fully supported.

This blog post was originally published in November 2017. Rewritten for Azure Spring Clean 2020 and to reflect changes to Azure Monitor API

Azure

Azure spring clean 2020

30/01/202003/02/2020
by Martin Ehrnst

Azure spring clean is a community initiative where the idea is to convey best practices and lessons learned managing Azure. During February 2020 we will have a broad selection of blog posts and videos on Real-world scenarios and solutions from the community. Covering topics like Azure Monitor, policies, and cost management.

The first post goes online on February 3.

Date	Article	Contributor	Category
03/02/20	Azure RBAC – Best Practices	Alan Kinane	Azure Foundations
04/02/20	Azure Policy for AKS	Sam Cogan	Azure Policy
05/02/20	Monitoring Containers on Azure with Windows Admin Center	Dave Rendón	Azure Monitor
06/02/20	How to use Tags to organize your Azure resources	Wim Matthyssen	Azure Foundations
07/02/20	Azure Governance – Best Practises	Amine Charot	Azure Foundations
10/02/20	Nailing your Naming Convention with Azure Policy	Matt Browne	Azure Foundations
11/02/20	Azure Cost Management – Best Practises	Sarah Lean	Azure Cost Management
12/02/20	Protect your network resources with Azure Firewall	Luis Beltran	Azure Security Principles
13/02/20	Monitoring Azure Site Recovery	Karel De Winter	Azure Monitor
14/02/20	Using Azure Advisor to baseline your platform	Sam Hodgkinson	Azure Foundations
17/02/20	Using Azure Resource Graph To Assess Your Azure Environment Quickly & Efficiently	Jack Tracey	Azure Foundations
18/02/20	Azure Monitor – Best Practices for Sanity	Kam Salisbury	Azure Monitor
19/02/20	Azure Storage and Backup Lifecycle Best Practices	Dwayne Natwick	Azure Foundations
20/02/20	How to Use and Monitor Azure Update Management	Vukasin Terzic	Azure Fundamentals
21/02/20	Azure Security: my top 10 best practises to make your tenant secure as possible	Shabaz Darr	Azure Security Principles
24/02/20	Simplify Large Scale Deployments with Azure Blueprints	Isham Mohamed	Azure Foundations
25/02/20	Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) securing Clusters and Applications	Adil Touati	Azure Security Principles
26/02/20	Azure Monitor – Autoscaling Resources Based on Performance	Anthony Mashford	Azure Monitor
27/02/20	How to Avoid a Billing Shock With Azure Serverless Solutions	Stanislav Lebedenko	Azure Cost Management
28/02/20	Securing Your Azure Platform Web Applications	Tidjani Belmansour	Azure Security Principles

Thanks to all the content creators, MVPs Joe Carlyle and Thomas Thornton for starting this!

Azure Monitor

Metric alerts for Azure monitor logs

12/06/201912/06/2019
by Martin Ehrnst

A common thing for traditional companies is to have one team responsible for monitoring. A few years ago, this team where close friends with the team provisioning infrastructure. Now, more and more companies are shifting to the “DevOps” world. Even Microsoft have killed SCOM and are only using Azure Monitor. Meaning that the one deployed the code (and the infrastructure) should be responsible for monitoring. In essence, this is great. But this transition takes time, and one should not underestimate the knowledge of the team who have been responsible for monitoring your entire infrastructure for decades.

If you are familiar with SCOM, you know that rules and monitors is targeted against a class of objects. IE, Windows 2016 operating system. When we move our workloads to Azure, we want to use Azure Monitor to monitor our workloads and VMs.

Enter Log alerts

Log Alerts has been around for quite some time and is commonly used to alert on actual log data. IE custom application logs, Windows event log and so on. But Log alerts has a “hidden” feature, especially for your monitoring teams, not wanting to manage hundreds of duplicate rules.

By using Log alerts with metric measurements you can almost replicate the what discoveries in SCOM does- find resources of a specific type, and attach some kind of monitoring to them. For example, you can create a search query for all your IaaS VMs and alert on their CPU counter.

This will let your monitoring team recreate all their logic, and have control over the entire infrastructure, almost as they had on-permises. At the same time you can leverage more DevOps practices and at the end have every team responsible for their own work.

Kusto examlpe

Below is a simple example that will list all VMs and their processor time. You can create an alert straight from Azure Monitor logs (former Log Analytics) or start from a new alert.

 Perf | where ObjectName == "Processor" and CounterName == "% Processor Time" | summarize AggregatedValue = avg(CounterValue) by bin(TimeGenerated, 5m), Computer

Summary

You have the option to monitor multiple VMs using one Alert Rule in Azure Monitor already. But one limitation is that this solution will not add new VMs to the alert rule. And for the time being, it only supports virtual machines
Log alerts are dependent on your query. So as long as your data is available, you can alert on it. Whether it is a web app, a SQL server or a custom log.

With Log Alerts, the transition to a public cloud-based infrastructure might be easier. Your operations teams can use their knowledge and re-create their on-premises monitoring logic as searches.
Application alerts could still be handled by the developers, and you can provision those using ARM templates or similar.

PS: I was going to write a longer post on how to manage and programmatically create log alerts, but with these great examples in Microsoft docs, there’s no need to re-invent the wheel.

Azure

Azure monitoring, connecting the dots

04/01/201822/01/2018
by Martin Ehrnst

Azure Monitoring

Welcome to the continuing saga on how to monitor your customers Azure tenants being a service provider. Previously we have covered how to authenticate against Microsoft CSP, using Azure Resource Health API with Powershell and more.

This post is all about connecting the dots. We are far away from finished, but things are moving in this project and at the time of writing, we have two separate projects going.
The first one is focused on creating a single pane of glass for all our customers’ workflows. This involves custom coding and management pack development for SCOM. The second one, which this post will cover, is how we have designed each customer tenant and how we plan to use built-in Azure monitoring functionality.

Customer tenant setup

Working for a service provider we need to construct Azure tenants by taking in to account that we are going to manage cloud resources, so using many cloud features makes a lot of sense. The challenge ist that we always have to think about how we can integrate with an existing deployment and work with monitoring solutions on premises.

When we first started out this project we looked in-to what have been done before, and most of the examples we found wouldn’t scale to our requirements or used OMS/Log Analytics only. We wanted to use our SCOM environment for alert handling, dashboard and platform health as SCOM is already integrated with customer portals, CMDBs and more. We will discuss more on that later in this blog post.

Things are moving very fast in Azure, we have changed our inital customer tenant setup twice before we found a structure we believe is future friendly.
When a customer sign up for an Azure Subscription, we populate their tenant with a default monitoring resource group and a OMS/Log Analytics workspace (LA). Along with the default LA workspace we add the Azure Activity Log, Web Apps and Office 365 solutions as standard.
For “bread and butter” type of Azure Resources, such as compute and web apps we setup the same type of monitoring regime we provide for on-premise resources, but we use alerts in Azure Monitor. This approach works well for Azure Resources which do not have existing, custom Log Analytics solutions and searches to provide health state. This means that VMs deployed using our custom ARM template will also include Monitor Alerts such as “CPU Usage % above 95” and “Web app response time above x”. In conjunction with Azure Monitor we use Azure Resource Health wich will provide health state data regardless of resource type, and custom alerts in monitor or Log Analytics.

Below is a (not so detailed) illustration on our default tenant.

SCOM and Azure Integration

We use System Center Operations Manager (SCOM) as our main monitoring platform for operating systems and applications. As SCOM is already integrated with our ticketing system, CMDB and other internal tools it seems reasonable to provide insight to application and workloads running in Azure on the same monitoring platform. That way we optimally can provide a single pane of glass in to the on premise, hybrid and cloud only workloads.

Azure Management Packs

To get monitoring data in to our on prem SCOM we looked in to two major options.

Option #1:
The official Azure Management pack from Microsoft. he official MP discovery process/adding new tenants cannot be automated. It relies on a GUI where you sign it to the tenant etc. neither does it provide any “umbrella” functionality for companies enrolled in the CSP program.

Option #2:
Daniele Grandini’s Azure/OMS management pack. Daniele’s management packs provide insight to Log Analytics, Azure Backup and Automation, but relies on the official Microsoft MP for initial discovery. Daniele’s management packs focuses on the solutions within the “Monitoring + management” (formerly known as OMS) space in Azure. Since much of the alerting features from OMS/Log Analytics are moving to Azure Monitor, I reached out to Daniele and asked if he had looked in to creating a management pack for that. He had looked a little in to it, but was also concerned about the rapid changes. Unfortunately this MP is bound to the initial discovery from the official Azure MP. A service provider managing several hundred tenants (and growing) cannot have that limitation. I hope to be able to help Daniele with the upcoming Azure Monitor MP.

Here’s where our problems started. I wanted to discover all our manged tenants automatically. Take advantage of being a CSP we set out to create our own management pack(s). I have create one management pack for the CSP platform that integrate with the Partner Center API (see example in this blog post) to do the initial discovery. Tenants and subscriptions are populated as objects in SCOM. Further, using a Partner Center Managed Application we can pre-consent access to all managed tenants. That means we can use this applications credentials to authenticate against each of our managed tenants, by-passing the limitation within the official management pack. All resources are the created as object with a hosting relationship to resourcegroup, subscription and tenant. Basic monitoring is done through Azure Resource Health API.

Below is a diagram showing the structure of our CSP management pack

Credentials used to authenticate against partner center and the Azure tenants is provided through SCOM RunAs accounts.

Our next step in SCOM and Azure integration is to create an Azure Monitor Management pack that reference the CSP management pack. This will provide the more enriched monitoring provided by Azure Monitor. Due to many recent changes to the monitor platform I have decided to wait and see where we end up. At the time of writing Azure Monitor have two new alert features in preview and none of their API’s are officially documented – i will come back with examples when I have something tangible.

Summary

To provide effective monitoring as a service provider for customers which span on-prem and cloud environments, we recommend the following:

For “bread and butter” monitoring use a combination of SCOM and Azure Monitor
If in the CSP program. Create a management pack using CSP rest API’s (hopefully I can share our MP later) combined with a custom Azure Monitor MP
Not a CSP? Look in to a combination of the official MP and Daniele’s management packs.
Deploy Log Analytics as default to all tenants. This will give you an advantage when customers require custom solutions and log sources.

Wrapping up

All service providers do their monitoring differently, but hopefully you have gotten some ideas on how you can do yours. Our solution is far from being finished, but I feel we have a structure that are future proof (the modern type of future). Hopefully we can share the SCOM management packs later, but feel free to contact me on specifics. Just remember I cannot share the MP itself at this point in time.

Until further notice, this will be the closing post on how you can do Azure Monitoring as a service provider.

Big thanks to Kevin Green and Cameron Fuller for providing feedback and to reach out to other community friends on my behalf.

Jumpstart your Azure Monitor journey

Azure Monitor Logs

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Working with Azure Monitor Rest API

Create SPN and assign it to your subscription RBAC

Connect to Azure Monitor API using PowerShell

Retrieve Azure Monitor alert rules

Get resource metrics from Azure Monitors API

Manage alerts, updating status, etc.

Summary

Integrations ideas

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Azure spring clean 2020

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Metric alerts for Azure monitor logs

Enter Log alerts

Kusto examlpe

Summary

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Azure monitoring, connecting the dots

Azure Monitoring

Customer tenant setup

SCOM and Azure Integration

Azure Management Packs

Summary

Wrapping up

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